Ionic and covalent bonds
the making of an Ionic compound or molecule
Key Concepts - Valence Electrons
Key Concepts - Ionic Bonding
Key Concepts - Covalent Bonding
Class Assignments - See also RenWeb
In class activity worksheet - Drawing Lewis Structure Diagrams
In-class activity worksheet - Activity 4.1 Electrons Move
In-class activity worksheet - Activity 4.4 Covalent Bonding
Homework Lesson 1 - Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table
Homework Lesson 1 - Atoms, Bonding and the Periodic Table answer key
Homework Lesson 2 - Ionic Bonding
Homework Lesson 2 - Ionic Bonding answer key
Homework Lesson 3 - Covalent Bonding
Homework Lesson 3 - Covalent Bonding answer key
Homework Lesson 4 - Bonding in Metals
Homework Lesson 4 - Bonding in Metals answer key (pending)
Power Points
How to Draw Lewis Structures - from middleschoolscience.com
Bonding Basics PowerPoint
Links for Media Used or Referenced in Class
MiddleSchoolChemistry.com Media - Ionic bonding
MiddleSchoolChemistry.com Media - Covalent bonding
Khan Academy - Orbitals and electrons (start at about 8:20)
Optional: Other Cool Stuff Related to This Lesson
Jefferson Labs - online games and puzzles
Jefferson Labs - Chemical Bonding
Chemical Bonding powerpoint
- The electrons on the outermost energy level of the atom are called valence electrons.
- The valence electrons are involved in bonding one atom to another.
- The attraction of each atom’s nucleus for the valence electrons of the other atom pulls the atoms together.
Key Concepts - Ionic Bonding
- The attractions between the protons and electrons of atoms can cause an electron to move completely from one atom to the other.
- When an atom loses or gains an electron, it is called an ion.
- The atom that loses an electron becomes a positive ion, which is called a cation.
- The atom that gains an electron becomes a negative ion, which is called an anion
- A positive and negative ion attract each other and form an ionic bond.
- Ionic bonding forms ionic compounds
- Ionic compounds are typically a combination of metal atoms and nonmetal atoms
- Ionic bonding typically creates salts, which have crystalline structures
- Ionic compounds list the cation (positive charge ion) first, then then anion (negative charge ion)
- Ionic compounds are net neutral; however, when an ionic compound is placed in water the ions can separate.
- Ionic compounds conduct electricity when placed in water
- Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points
- Atoms will ionically bond until their outer energy levels are both full (octet rule).
- Atoms ionically bonded as an ionic compound are more stable than they were as separate atoms.
Key Concepts - Covalent Bonding
- The attraction of each nonmetal atom’s nucleus for the valence electrons of the other nonmetal atom pulls the atoms together.
- As the attractions bring the atoms together, electrons from each nonmetal atom are attracted to the nucleus of both atoms, which “share” the electrons.
- The sharing of electrons between atoms is called a covalent bond, which holds the atoms together as a molecule.
- A covalent bond happens if the attractions are strong enough in both atoms and if each atom has room for an electron in its outer energy level.
- Atoms will covalently bond until their outer energy level is full.
- Atoms covalently bonded as a molecule are more stable than they were as separate atoms.
- Molecules list the cation (positive charge ion) first, then then anion (negative charge ion)
- Molecules are net neutral
- Molecules DO NOT conduct electricity when placed in water
- Molecules have low melting and boiling points
- Atoms will covalently bond until their outer energy levels are both full (octet rule).
- Atoms covalently bonded as a molecule are more stable than they were as separate atoms.
Class Assignments - See also RenWeb
In class activity worksheet - Drawing Lewis Structure Diagrams
In-class activity worksheet - Activity 4.1 Electrons Move
In-class activity worksheet - Activity 4.4 Covalent Bonding
Homework Lesson 1 - Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table
Homework Lesson 1 - Atoms, Bonding and the Periodic Table answer key
Homework Lesson 2 - Ionic Bonding
Homework Lesson 2 - Ionic Bonding answer key
Homework Lesson 3 - Covalent Bonding
Homework Lesson 3 - Covalent Bonding answer key
Homework Lesson 4 - Bonding in Metals
Homework Lesson 4 - Bonding in Metals answer key (pending)
Power Points
How to Draw Lewis Structures - from middleschoolscience.com
Bonding Basics PowerPoint
Links for Media Used or Referenced in Class
MiddleSchoolChemistry.com Media - Ionic bonding
MiddleSchoolChemistry.com Media - Covalent bonding
Khan Academy - Orbitals and electrons (start at about 8:20)
Optional: Other Cool Stuff Related to This Lesson
Jefferson Labs - online games and puzzles
Jefferson Labs - Chemical Bonding
Chemical Bonding powerpoint