There is so much pollution in the sky. What happens to it, where does it go, and why don't we see it and does it go into space?
Weather is an important part of air pollution picture. It affects the movement and build-up of pollutants in our atmosphere.
Wind can carry emissions large distances.
Sunlight drives photochemical reactions, generating smog.
Rain and snow wash pollution out of the air.
Air Buoyancy Smoke rises. When pollutants are emitted from smokestacks, tailpipes etc., they are warmer than the surrounding air and tend to rise. The hotter the emissions, the faster they will float up into the atmosphere. This follows the same principle as a hot air balloon.
Wind Wind carries many pollutants long distances from their sources.,
Dispersion Air pollution reaches the ground by mixing, or by wet or dry deposition. Dry deposition is the settling out of dust particles from the atmosphere due to the force of gravity. Larger particles settle out faster, while the smaller, more dangerous particles remain suspended longer. Wet deposition occurs when pollution dissolves in rain or snow. Precipitation cleans most of the pollution from the air.
Did you know? Acid rain is the wet deposition of sulphates and nitrates, more than half of which come from the US.
Reference
When comets (meteors) come down to earth, what makes them catch fire while they're plummeting towards earth?
Friction from Earth's atmosphere
If a 300 foot asteroid hit Earth, how much of an impact would it make?
If the asteroid is as big as a 20-story building (200 feet on a side), it has an amount of energy equal to the largest nuclear bombs made today -- on the order of 25 to 50 megatons. An asteroid like this would flatten reinforced concrete buildings five miles from ground zero. It would completely destroy most major cities in the United States.
Reference
Weather is an important part of air pollution picture. It affects the movement and build-up of pollutants in our atmosphere.
Wind can carry emissions large distances.
Sunlight drives photochemical reactions, generating smog.
Rain and snow wash pollution out of the air.
Air Buoyancy Smoke rises. When pollutants are emitted from smokestacks, tailpipes etc., they are warmer than the surrounding air and tend to rise. The hotter the emissions, the faster they will float up into the atmosphere. This follows the same principle as a hot air balloon.
Wind Wind carries many pollutants long distances from their sources.,
Dispersion Air pollution reaches the ground by mixing, or by wet or dry deposition. Dry deposition is the settling out of dust particles from the atmosphere due to the force of gravity. Larger particles settle out faster, while the smaller, more dangerous particles remain suspended longer. Wet deposition occurs when pollution dissolves in rain or snow. Precipitation cleans most of the pollution from the air.
Did you know? Acid rain is the wet deposition of sulphates and nitrates, more than half of which come from the US.
Reference
When comets (meteors) come down to earth, what makes them catch fire while they're plummeting towards earth?
Friction from Earth's atmosphere
If a 300 foot asteroid hit Earth, how much of an impact would it make?
If the asteroid is as big as a 20-story building (200 feet on a side), it has an amount of energy equal to the largest nuclear bombs made today -- on the order of 25 to 50 megatons. An asteroid like this would flatten reinforced concrete buildings five miles from ground zero. It would completely destroy most major cities in the United States.
Reference
What is the inside of a tree trunk made out of?
Tree Physiology
Tree Cookie
The xylem of a plant is the system of tubes and transport cells that circulates water and dissolved minerals.
The phloem cells are laid out end-to-end throughout the entire plant, transporting the sugars and other molecules created by the plant.
The cambium cell layer is the growing part of the trunk.
How can you make paper?
From Tree To Paper | How It's Made
How It's Made - Hand Made Paper
What is food coloring made out of?
Food Facts & Information : What Is Food Coloring Made Of?
How to make Natural Food Coloring (start at 20 seconds)
Where do clouds come from?
Evaporated liquid water condensing at higher altitudes where it is cooler
When the moon and earth rotate around each other, how do they know where to go?
First, the moon revolves (orbits) around the earth. The mass of the earth is greater than the mass of the moon so it's the gravitational pull of the earth that keeps the moon from flying off into space.
How deep can the ocean get?
The average depth of the ocean is about 14,000 feet or 2.65 miles. The deepest part of the ocean is called the Challenger Deep and is located beneath the western Pacific Ocean in the southern end of the Mariana Trench, which runs several hundred kilometers southwest of the U.S. territorial island of Guam. Challenger Deep is approximately 36,200 feet, about 7 miles, deep. It is named after the HMS Challenger, whose crew first sounded the depths of the trench in 1875.
Tree Physiology
Tree Cookie
The xylem of a plant is the system of tubes and transport cells that circulates water and dissolved minerals.
The phloem cells are laid out end-to-end throughout the entire plant, transporting the sugars and other molecules created by the plant.
The cambium cell layer is the growing part of the trunk.
How can you make paper?
From Tree To Paper | How It's Made
How It's Made - Hand Made Paper
What is food coloring made out of?
Food Facts & Information : What Is Food Coloring Made Of?
How to make Natural Food Coloring (start at 20 seconds)
Where do clouds come from?
Evaporated liquid water condensing at higher altitudes where it is cooler
When the moon and earth rotate around each other, how do they know where to go?
First, the moon revolves (orbits) around the earth. The mass of the earth is greater than the mass of the moon so it's the gravitational pull of the earth that keeps the moon from flying off into space.
How deep can the ocean get?
The average depth of the ocean is about 14,000 feet or 2.65 miles. The deepest part of the ocean is called the Challenger Deep and is located beneath the western Pacific Ocean in the southern end of the Mariana Trench, which runs several hundred kilometers southwest of the U.S. territorial island of Guam. Challenger Deep is approximately 36,200 feet, about 7 miles, deep. It is named after the HMS Challenger, whose crew first sounded the depths of the trench in 1875.
How many different kinds of nebulae are there?
Emission Nebula - An emission nebula is a cloud of high temperature gas that has at least one star that energizes the atoms in the cloud with ultraviolet radiation. This causes the nebula to glow. Emission nebulae tend to be red in color because of the abundance of hydrogen. Additional colors, such as blue and green, can be produced by the atoms of other elements, but hydrogen is almost always the most abundant. A fine example of an emission nebula is the Orion Nebula (M42).
Emission Nebula - An emission nebula is a cloud of high temperature gas that has at least one star that energizes the atoms in the cloud with ultraviolet radiation. This causes the nebula to glow. Emission nebulae tend to be red in color because of the abundance of hydrogen. Additional colors, such as blue and green, can be produced by the atoms of other elements, but hydrogen is almost always the most abundant. A fine example of an emission nebula is the Orion Nebula (M42).
Reflection Nebula - A reflection nebula differs from an emission nebula in does not emit radiation of its own. It is a cloud of dust and gas that reflects the light energy from a nearby star or group of stars. Reflection nebulae are frequently the sites of star formation. They usually tend to be blue in color because of the way that the light is scattered. Blue light is scattered more efficiently. The Trifid Nebula (M20) in Sagittarius is a good example of a reflection nebula.
Dark Nebula - A dark nebula is a cloud of dust that blocks the light from objects behind it. They are very similar to reflection nebulae in composition and look different primarily because of the placement of the light source. Dark nebulae are usually seen together with emission and reflection nebulae. The Horsehead Nebula in Orion is probably the most famous example of a dark nebula. It is a dark region of dust in the shape of a horse's head that blocks the light from a much larger emission nebula behind it.
Planetary Nebula - A planetary nebula is a shell of gas produced by a star as it nears the end of its life cycle. Their name can be a bit misleading. They actually have nothing to do with planets. These nebulae were given this name because they often look like planets due to their round shape. The outer shell of gas is usually illuminated by the remains of the star at its center. The Ring Nebula (M57) in Lyra is one of the best examples of a planetary nebula.
Supernova Remnant - Supernova remnants are created when a star ends it life in a massive explosion known as a supernova. The explosion blows a large amount of the star's matter out into space. This cloud of matter glows with the remains of the star that created it. One of the best examples of a supernova remnant is the crab Nebula (M1) in Taurus. It is illuminated by a pulsar which was created by the supernova.
Reference: http://www.seasky.org/celestial-objects/nebulae.html
Reference: http://www.seasky.org/celestial-objects/nebulae.html
Are there earthquakes on the moon?There are at least four different kinds of moonquakes:
(1) deep moonquakes about 700 km below the surface, probably caused by tides;
(2) vibrations from the impact of meteorites;
(3) thermal quakes caused by the expansion of the frigid crust when first illuminated by the morning sun after two weeks of deep-freeze lunar night; and
(4) shallow moonquakes only 20 or 30 kilometers below the surface.
Reference
What makes the sun hot?
Why is the earth on a tilt?
http://www.universetoday.com/75897/why-is-the-earth-tilted/#ixzz34WpZUo87
Does water ever dry?
Liquid water can be heated and become water vapor, which is a gas.
Liquid water can also be cooled down enough to freeze and become ice, which is a solid.
What are the stars made of?
Mostly Hydrogen and Helium atoms.
How many times does the moon rotate in 23 hours and 56 minutes?
1/28th of its total rotation, which is relatively a small amount, think about it. The earth rotates one time along its axis in 23 hours and 56 minutes. But the moon revolves around the earth one in every approximately 28 days. Because the side of the moon facing the earth never changes (the side of the moon facing the earth is locked in place), the moon ROTATES and REVOLVES around the earth at the same rate, once every approximately 28 days.
What would happen if someone blew up the moon?
No tides. It would be darker at night every night.
(1) deep moonquakes about 700 km below the surface, probably caused by tides;
(2) vibrations from the impact of meteorites;
(3) thermal quakes caused by the expansion of the frigid crust when first illuminated by the morning sun after two weeks of deep-freeze lunar night; and
(4) shallow moonquakes only 20 or 30 kilometers below the surface.
Reference
What makes the sun hot?
- The Sun is hot because of the nuclear reactions taking place inside it.
- 4 Hydrogen atoms = 1 Helium atom plus lots of energy
- That's also why the Sun shines.
Why is the earth on a tilt?
- The main consensus is that it has to do with Earth’s formation along with the rest of the planets in the Solar system.
- All the same the Earth’s tilt is very important. It is perfectly positioned so that it gives us the seasons and on top of that the seasons are near perfectly calibrated for life as we know it.
- When compared with other planets Earth’s tilt allows for season that are not two extreme in temperature but are pretty well balanced. At the same if it had stay in the “perfect” position one side of the Earth would be too hot at time and then too cold.
http://www.universetoday.com/75897/why-is-the-earth-tilted/#ixzz34WpZUo87
Does water ever dry?
Liquid water can be heated and become water vapor, which is a gas.
Liquid water can also be cooled down enough to freeze and become ice, which is a solid.
What are the stars made of?
Mostly Hydrogen and Helium atoms.
How many times does the moon rotate in 23 hours and 56 minutes?
1/28th of its total rotation, which is relatively a small amount, think about it. The earth rotates one time along its axis in 23 hours and 56 minutes. But the moon revolves around the earth one in every approximately 28 days. Because the side of the moon facing the earth never changes (the side of the moon facing the earth is locked in place), the moon ROTATES and REVOLVES around the earth at the same rate, once every approximately 28 days.
What would happen if someone blew up the moon?
No tides. It would be darker at night every night.